We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. S

The International Language: English

There is no denying that English is a useful language．The people who speak English today make up the largest speech ．______1 in the world with the exception of speakers of Mandarin Chinese． Originally they were small tribes of people living in northern Europe who left their homeland and _______2 in England． Isolated in their island community, the various tribes used languages which became more and more similar to each other and less and less like the other languages of Europe．Eventually, the language had _______3 uniformity to be used by all speakers in England． The people united into a speech community through their_______4 language．In time, people moved from the small island to many parts of the _______5 , taking their language with them and thus still remaining members of the English speech community_______6 they settled.

We may say that anyone who speaks English_______7 to the English community. _______8convenience, we may _______9the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native_______10 , the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education, commerce, and so on．In the _______11 group we, obviously, would include England, Canada, the U．S．, Australia and New Zealand． Naturally, not all people in these countries speak English_______12 , but a large majority_______13 ．In the latter group we would include, among many others, India, Denmark, Burma, Turkey, Ethiopia, and the Philippines． Not all these countries use English for the same purpose or_______14 the same extent, but_______15 uses English for important social and commerce activities.

第 51 题 请选择（1）处的最佳答案．

A．community

B．society

C．world

D．group

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in

pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling.

(orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt

'naturally' and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 【B1】______

deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact,

remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what 【B2】______

our speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often 【B3】______

comes as a shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. 【B4】______

It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting

is something which we almost always know. We begin the 'natural' 【B5】______

learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or

write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 【B6】______

practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours

per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult 【B7】______

English spelling. This is 'natural', therefore, that our speech-sounds 【B8】______

should be those of our immediate circle；after all, as we have seen,

speech operates as a means of holding a community and 【B9】______

giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a

'stranger', someone who speaks with an accent of a different

community — perhaps only a few miles far. 【B10】______

【B1】

e greatest predictor of success. Society【C1】______ that people with high IQ will naturally accomplish 【C2】______ in life. Schools often use IQ test results to【C3】______children for gifted programs and advanced【C4】______. Some companies even use the results【C5】______a criterion for hiring employees. In the past 10 years, we have been conditioned to【C6】______intelligence with these numbers. 【C7】______, researchers have found that this isnt necessarily the case. They have discovered that more than IQ, your【C8】______ awareness and abilities to handle feelings will determine your success in all【C9】______of life,【C10】______ family relationships. In the early 1990s, Dr. John Mayer and Dr. Peter Salovey【C11】______the term " emotional intelligence" in the Journal of Personality Assessment. They used this【C12】______to describe peoples ability to understand their own emotions and emotions of others and to act【C13】______based on this understanding. Then in 1995, psychologist Daniel Goleman【C14】______ this term with his book Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. 【C15】______investigated emotional intelligence by measuring related concepts,【C16】______social skills, interpersonal competence, psychological 【C17】______, long before the term "emotional intelligence " came into【C18】______. Social scientists are just beginning to【C19】______ the relationship of EQ to other phenomenon. 【C20】______Goleman, "Emotional intelligence, the skills that help people harmonize, should become increasingly valued as a workplace asset in the years to come. "

【C1】

A．assumes

B．believes

C．thinks

D．holds

ages are: presentation, practice, production, reading, listening and ____.

A.speaking

B. writing

C. comprehension

D. revision

me is his castle because he has not much choice. There is nowhere to sit in the streets of England, not even, after twilight, in the public gardens. The climate, very often, does not even permit him to walk outside. Naturally, he stays indoors and creates a cocoon of comfort. That was the way we lived in Leeds.

These southern people, on the other hand, look outwards. The Gibraltarian home is, typically, a small and crowded apartment up several flights of dark and dirty stairs. In it, one, two or even three old people share a few ill-lit rooms with the young family. Once he has eaten, changed his clothes, embraced his wife, kissed his children and his parents, there is nothing to keep the southern man at home. He hurries out, taking even his breakfast coffee at his local bar. He comes home late for his afternoon meal after an appetitive hour at his cafe. He sleeps for an hour, dresses, goes out again and stays out until late at night. His wife does not miss him, for she is out, too—at the market in the morning and in the afternoon sitting with other mothers, baby-minding in the sun.

The usual Gibraltarian home has no sitting-room, living-room or lounge. The parlour of our working-class houses "would be an intolerable -waste of space. Easy-chairs, sofas and such-like furniture are unknown. There are no bookshelves, because there are no books. Talking and drinking, as well as eating, are done on hard chairs round the dining-table, between a sideboard decorated with the best glasses and an inevitable display cabinet full of family treasures, photographs and souvenirs. The elaborate chandelier over this table proclaims it as the hub of the household and of the family. 'Hearth and home' makes very little sense in Gibraltaf. One's home is one's town or village, and one's hearth is the sunshine.

Our northern towns are dormitories with cubicles, by comparison. When we congregate— in the churches it used to be, now in the cinema, say, impersonally, or at public meetings, formally—we are scarcely ever man to man. Only in our pubs can you find the truly gregarious and communal spirit surviving, and in England even the pubs are divided along class lines.

Along this Mediterranean coast, home is only a refuge and a retreat. The people live together in the open air—in the street, market-place. Down here, there is a far stronger feeling of community than we had ever known. In crowded and circumscribed Gibraltar, with its complicated inter-marriages, its identity of interests, its surviving sense of siege, one can see and feel an integrated society.

To live in a tiny town with all the organization of a state, with Viceroy (总督), Premier, Parliament, Press and Pentagon, all in miniature, all within arm's reach, is an intensive course in civics. In such an environment, nothing can be hidden, for better or for worse. One's successes are seen and recognized; one's failures are immediately exposed. Social consciousness is at its strongest, with the result that there is a constant and firm pressure towards good social behaviour, towards courtesy and kindness. Gibraltar, with all its faults, is the friendliest and most tolerant of places. Straight from the cynical anonymity of a big city, we luxuriated in its happy personalism. We look back on it, like all its exiled sons and daughters, with true affection.

Which of the following best explains the differences in ways of living between the English and the Gibraltarians？

A．The family structure.

B．Religious belief.

C．The climate.

D．Bating habit.

o lure new customers and spend so little to keep them after they've been landed. It just doesn't make sense. Taking customers for granted is routine in some larger organizations, where mere bigness generates an attitude of indifference.

Loyal customers are an organization's only protection against bankruptcy, and losing them because of neglect or indifference is downright sinful. Not only do satisfied customers continue to fatten the till, they often encourage others to buy. This is advertising that doesn't cost a penny. And although there are always problems in giving good service to customers, maintaining their patronage(光顾) isn't all that difficult. It's a matter of attitude, of believing that everyone who buys from you is entitled to the best treatment you can deliver. Plus giving just a little more than you have to.

We said there are always problems in giving good service to customers. The reason, of course, is that no organization is perfect, and there's many a slip: unreasonable delays in filling orders, shipping the wrong merchandise, failing to answer letters promptly, and so on.

Sometimes these errors or failures can't be helped. For example, if you can't get parts because of material shortages or a transportation strike, customers may be denied the goods they've ordered. And not infrequently the customer is to blame—for example, failing to clearly identify the article or service required.

Yet no matter who is at fault, customers whom you value highly should generally be given the benefit of the doubt. Note that we said "customers whom you value highly." The old saying(格言) goes that all customers should be treated alike is a myth. Customers who repeatedly place large orders and pay for them will naturally, get more attention than those who buy infrequently and have to be badgered to pay what they owe. However, you have to make the assumption that all customers are good unless proved otherwise.

The main idea of the passage is best expressed by which of the following？ _____

A．Business organizations should not spend so much money to attract new customers

B．Maintaining customers' patronage is the most important to business organizations'

C．Customers are kings

D．Organizations should pay more attention to the benefit of their customers

A、They were not nervous at all

B、They were still young

C、They played naturally

D、They couldn’t have done better

follow. Let me tell you that nothing is further from the truth. The world is full of very rich people who are as miserable as if they were living in hell. We have read stories about movie stars who committed suicide or died from drugs. Quite clearly, money is not the only answer to all problems. Wealth obtained through dishonest means does not bring happiness. Lottery winnings do not bring happiness. Gambling winnings do not bring happiness. To my mind, the secret to happiness lies in your successful work, in your contribution towards others’ happiness and in your wealth you have earned through your own honest effort. If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means, you will know that it is ill-earned money. If you get your money by taking advantage of others or by hurting others, you will not be happy with it. You will think you are a base person. Long-term happiness is based on honesty, productive work, contribution, and self-esteem. Happiness is not an end; it is a process. It is a continuous process of honest, productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful, worthy person. As Dr. Wayne wrote, “There is no way to happiness. Happiness is the way.” There is no use saying “Someday when I achieve these goals, when I get a car, build a house and own my own business, then I will be really happy.” Life just does not work that way. If you wait for certain things to happen and depend on external circumstances of life to make you happy, you will always feel unfulfilled. There will always be something missing.

1.What does “nothing is further from the truth” mean？

A、 Something. is completely untrue.

B、 Something is completely true.

C、 We can find out the truth.

D、 We cannot find out the truth.

2.What are the secrets to happiness in the author’s mind？

A、 successful work

B、 contribution to other’happiness

C、 honest effort

D、 all of the above.

3.Which of the following is not dishonest means for wealth？

A、 lottery winning

B、 gambling winnings

C、 hard work

D、 taking advantage of others

4.What does the sentence “There is no way to happiness. Happiness is the way.” mean according to the passage？

A、 Happiness is not an end; it is a process.

B、 People do not know how to get happiness.

C、 It is hard to get happiness.

D、 Happiness is what you feel.

5.What is the meaning of the word “unfulfilled”？

A、 uncontrolable

B、 impolite

C、 dissatisfied

D、 abnormal

The majority of people in this country eat too much fat and not enough fibre （纤维) and

The majority of people in this country eat too much fat and not enough fibre (纤维) and for most people having a healthy diet is simple and easy to do. The move towards a healthy diet may just mean eating more fruit, vegetables, bread and potatoes.

There are 5 basic food groups and a healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods from each of the groups.

1. Bread, potatoes, rice, noodles,and breakfast cereals.

These foods mostly contain starch (淀粉) and should be the main part of all your meals. If possible try to choose high fibre varieties. This group of foods is an excellent source (来源) fibre and is rich in vitamin (维生素)

2. Fruit and vegetables

This includes all frozen, fresh and canned fruit/vegetables as well as salad vegetables. These are all excellent sources of vitamins minerals and fibre and are naturally low in fat and calories.

3. Milk and dairy foods

Milk and dairy products include cheese, yoghurt and milk. They are rich in protein (蛋白质) calcium, vitamin and minerals.

4. Meat, fish and poultry (家禽)

Eating fish 1-2 times a week is good for you. All types of meats are included in the category and red meat is excellent source of iron and vitamin B12. Nuts, peas and beans are also in this food group.

5. Foods containing fats and sugars.

This last group contains butter, cream, ice cream, cooking oil, cakes, biscuits, chocolate, sugary drinks, sweets and crisps. All of these foods tend to be high in fat and calories.Try not to eat these foods too often and when you do, only have them in small amounts.

(1)、What’s the problem with many people？

A、Not enough sleep

B、Staying up late

C、Eating too much fat and not enough fibre

D、Under stress

(2)、What does a healthy diet mean？ It means （）.

A、five different kinds of foods a meal

B、different kinds of foods from the 5 basic food groups

C、different kinds of fruits and vegetables

D、less fruit, vegetables, bread and potatoes

(3)、We should try not to eat foods from （） too often.

A、Group 5

B、Group 4

C、Group 1

D、Both Group 4 and Group 5

(4)、Which of following sentence is NOT true？

A、Nuts and meat are in the same group.

B、Milk and dairy products are rich in protein.

C、Bread and milk are in the same group.

D、Cakes and chocolate tend to be high in fat and calories.

(5)、What’s the main idea of the passage？

A、What should a healthy diet consist of ？

B、How can we tell the differences from 5 basic food groups？

C、A healthy diet is simple and easy to do.

D、Vitamin is not a part of staying healthy.