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一、CAREFUL READING参考答案见试卷末尾
1、He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as "the best and most just and wisest man". Yet this same man was condemned (判刑) to death for his beliefs.
The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.
Socrates' method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, despite his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.
Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.
Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.According to Plato's description, Socrates______ . ( )
A.was a funny and good-tempered man
B.was the most just and intelligent man
C.had a special way to attract his students
D.had close relationships with his students
2、Socrates was condemned for all the following reasons except ______. ( )
A.doubting the publicly recognized gods
B.corrupting the young people with his teachings
C.grouping students together to study under him
D.pressing his listeners into thinking for themselves
3、Socrates' teaching was intended to______. ( )
A.encourage independent thinking
B.win over the conservative people
C.inform students of his radical ideas
D.lead his audience to be disobedient
4、The word "unsurpassed" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to______ ( )
A.untold
B.unequalled
C.unnoticed
D.unexpected
5、Socrates readily accepted the death penalty because of______ ( )
A.his disregard for death
B.his disbelief in gods
C.his contempt for conservatives
D.his belief in the legal system
6、When you're negotiating with someone, listen for the messages that he or she might be sending to you. For example, the word "difficult" does not mean the same as impossible. Imagine you're staying in a hotel, and you want to change your room. The manager's answer of, "That would be very difficult, sir", does not mean that he is saying "no". It just means that he wants to know what you are prepared to offer him in return for the change of room.
If you are buying a new car, and want to pay less than the price being asked, then the salesman's comment, "I'm sorry, but we never negotiate on the price", means that they do negotiate on other things, like the delivery time, or the "extra" that might be available as part of the purchase. In the same car showroom, if the salesman says, "Sorry, I can't negotiate prices", then your response should be to ask who can. The message the salesman is sending suggests that his boss is the one you need to be talking to.
In all of these situations, the message is never communicated in clear terms. In any negotiation, the two "players" wish to get as much out of it as they can, of course. In the three examples above, the salesmen and the hotel manager are hoping that you will accept their price or conditions, but their "messages" make it clear that there may be room for movement and compromise. In a successful negotiation, the two sides move towards each other and reach agreement on conditions that satisfy both sides.The hotel manager's answer "That would be very difficult, sir" implies______ . ( )
A.you can change the room if you find some excuse
B.someone else has paid more for the room under discussion
C.the room is available if an extra sum of money is offered
D.someone else has booked the room in return for more money
7、When the salesmen tell you that they never negotiate on the price, you can______. ( )
A.negotiate the price with the manager
B.demand to see the one who can
C.find out other possibilities in the purchase
D.accept the price without any further negotiation
8、This passage is intended for______ . ( )
A.managers
B.customers
C.salesmen
D.scholars
9、The passage tells us how to______ ( )
A.send messages in a negotiation
B.become a successful salesman
C.profit from business transactions
D.receive messages in a negotiation
10、It can be safely concluded from the passage that______ ( )
A.at least two players should be in the room for communication
B.a lot can be inferred from what is actually stated in negotiation
C.you should never communicate your ideas in clear terms
D.you should play the roles of a salesman and manager in a negotiation
11、No sooner had the first intrepid male aviators safely returned to Earth than it seemed that women, too, had been smitten by an urge to fly. From mere spectators they became willing passengers and finally pilots in their own right, plotting their skills and daring line against the hazards of the air and the skepticism of their male counterparts. In doing so, they enlarged the traditional bounds of a women's world, won for their sex a new sense of competence and achievement, and contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.
But recognition of their abilities did not come easily. "Men do not believe us capable. " the famed aviator Amelia Earhart once remarked to a friend. "Because we are women, seldom are we trusted to do an efficient job. " Indeed old attitudes died hard: when Charles Lindbergh visited the Soviet Union in 1938 with his wife, Anne — herself a pilot and gifted proponent of aviation—he was astonished to discover both men and women flying in the Soviet Air Force.
Such conventional wisdom made it difficult for women to raise money for the up-to-date equipment they needed to compete on an equal basis with men. Yet they did compete, and often they triumphed finally despite the odds. Ruth Law, whose 590-mile flight from Chicago to Hornell, New York, set a new nonstop distance record in 1916, exemplified the resourcefulness and grit demanded of any woman who wanted to fly. And when she addressed the Aero Club of America after completing her historic journey, her plainspoken words testified to a universal human motivation that was unaffected by gender; "My flight was done with no expectation of reward," she declared, "just purely for the love of accomplishment. "Which of the following is the best title for this passage? ( )
A.A Long Flight.
B.Women in Aviation History.
C.Dangers Faced by Pilots.
D.Women Spectators.
12、According to the passage, women pilots were successful in all of the following except . ( )
A.challenging the conventional role of women
B.contributing to the science of aviation
C.winning universal recognition from men
D.building the confidence of women
13、What can be inferred from the passage about the United States Air Force in 1938? ( )
A.It had no women pilots.
B.It gave pilots handsome salaries.
C.It had old planes that were in need of repair.
D.It could not be trusted to do an efficient job.
14、In their efforts to compete with men, early women pilots had difficulty in______. ( )
A.addressing clubs
B.flying nonstop
C.setting records
D.raising money
15、According to the passage, who said that flying was done with no expectation of reward? ( )
A.Amelia Earhart.
B.Charles Lindbergh.
C.Anne Lindbergh.
D.Ruth Law.
16、In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly wise. Foreign travel is a national passion : this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere,Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day" has caught on all over Israel. "Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, 'Let's be nicer, "' says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. "Nothing happens without competition. "
Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls "the revengeful (报复的) consumer". When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, "People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service. " The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now,appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless E1A1 Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖), has returned its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan,"You can feel the change in the air. " For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.It may be inferred from the passage that ______. ( )
A.customer service in Israel is now improving
B.wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C.the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel
D.Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones
17、In the author's view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel . ( )
A.if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management
B.unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers
C.if there's no competition among companies
D.without strict routine training of employees
18、If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, . ( )
A.they can have it fixed in no time
B.it's no longer necessary to make an appointment
C.the appointment takes only half a day to make
D.they only have to wait half an hour at most
19、The example of E1A1 Airlines shows that . ( )
A.revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises
B.an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty
C.a good slogan has great potential for improving service
D.staff retraining is essential for better service
20、Why did Bezaq's international branch lose 40% of its market share? ( )
A.Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.
B.Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.
C.Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.
D.Because it no longer received any support from the gov-ernment.
二、SPEED READING参考答案见试卷末尾
1、In 1781 twelve families trooped north from Mexico to California. On a stream along the desert's edge, they built a settlement called Los Angeles. For many years it was a market town, where nearby farmers and ranchers met to trade. Then in 1876 a railroad linked Los Angeles to San Francisco and, through San Francisco, to the rest of the country. The next year farmers sent their first trainload of oranges east. By 1885 a new railroad provided a direct route between Los Angeles and Chicago.
Then in the 1890's oil was discovered in the city. As derricks went up, workers built many highways and pipe lines. Digging began on a harbor that would make Los Angeles not only an ocean port but also a fishing center. The harbor was completed in 1914. That year the Panama Canal opened. Suddenly Los Angeles was the busiest port on the Pacific Coast.
Today the city is the main industrial center in the West. It produces goods not only for other West Coast communities but also for those in other parts of the country. It leads the nation in making airplanes and equipment for exploring outer space. Many motion pictures and television programs are filmed in Los Angeles. The city is also the business center for states in the West. Improvements in transportation are the main reason for Los Angeles' growth.According to the passage, what was the main commercial activity of Los Angeles during the years directly following its settlement? ( )
A.Fruit growing.
B.Oil drilling.
C.Fishing.
D.Trading.
2、According to the passage, in which year were oranges first shipped from Los Angeles to the East Coast by train? ( )
A.1781.
B.1876.
C.1877.
D.1890.
3、San Francisco is mentioned in the passage for which of the following reasons? ( )
A.The settlers who founded Los Angeles came from San Francisco.
B.San Francisco linked Los Angeles with the rest of the country.
C.San Francisco was a market town where farmers came to trade.
D.Oil was discovered in San Francisco in the 1890's.
4、Where in the passage does the author state the principal cause of the expansion of Los Angeles? ( )
A.Line 7.
B.Line 9.
C.Line 13.
D.Lines 14-15.
5、The passage mainly talks about ______. ( )
A.The development province of Los Angeles
B.The relationship between Los Angeles and other countries
C.The relationship between Los Angeles and Panama Canal
D.Derricks were used in Los Angeles in an early time
6、In every society it is necessary to have a general system of laws to ensure justice. Laws are designed to make certain that people's rights are protected and that people respect each other's rights. Sometimes, however, laws are passed which are specific to a time or situation. For example, a town in Indiana once passed a law making it illegal to shoot open a can of food. Apparently, some gun-carrying citizens forgot their can openers and naturally enough, used their guns to do the job. This disturbed other citizens, and endangered their lives, so a law was passed to prevent it Specific laws sometimes remain in existence long after the problem has disappeared. The laws then seem strange. For example, the Indiana law was no longer necessary when citizens stopped carrying guns and using them as can-openers. Since the law was no longer needed, what once made sense now seems like nonsense.
Sometimes laws designed to serve a good purpose were passed but somehow these became mixed up in their wording. As a result, the laws don't make sense. In one state there is a law which says that it is"illegal to move or to attempt to move a motor vehicle. " Obviously, a massive traffic jam would occur if everyone suddenly obeyed that law. But no one does, of course, because the intention of the law was not to prevent owners from moving their own cars. It was to prevent people from moving (stealing) other people's cars. It is often harder to repeal a law than to pass one, so many of these old laws remain in existence. Because they no longer fit the way people live or because the problem no longer exists, these laws are ignored. Everyone understands that and life goes on. Thus, laws that once made very good sense now seem like nonsense.According to the passage, laws are designed for the purpose of______. ( )
A.protecting people's rights
B.making people respect each other
C.opening the cans of food
D.punishing criminals
7、The word "job" in paragraph 1 refers to . ( )
A.working
B.shooting
C.opening the food cans
D.disturbing others
8、The author used the Indiana law as an example to explain ______. ( )
A.how some laws are passed and changed
B.how people in Indiana open cans
C.why some laws may seem strange
D.why people in Indiana no longer use their guns
9、What's the problem with the law concerning motor vehicles? ( )
A.It leads to traffic jams.
B.It is not clearly written.
C.It is not designed to serve a good purpose.
D.It has been out of date.
10、We can conclude from the passage that______ . ( )
A.a law system is necessary for every society
B.some laws that don't make sense may also get passed
C.it is more difficult to change the old law than pass a new one
D.some laws may seem strange as time passes
参考答案:
【一、CAREFUL READING】
1~5 BDABD 6~10 CCBDB
11~20点击安装“英语专业自考APP”查看答案
【二、SPEED READING】
1~5 DCBBA 6~10 ACCB
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